Gas metering system for carburetor



K. G. SPANJER GAS METERING SYSTEM FOR CARBURETOR June 28, 1955 FiledDec. 17, 1953 v11. 4 z; i mu he INVENTOR. AE/r/l 6. SPA M/EE; "Q J9!ATZ'ORAIEX United States Patent GAS-METERING SYSTEMFORCARBURETOR KeithG. Spaniel- ,Phoenix, Ariz.

' Application December 17,1953, Serial No. 398,714

9' Claims. c1; 121 -133 This invention pertains to improvements in thefeeding and control of fuel to carburetors for internal combustionengines and is more particularly directed to an improved gasolinemetering system for such carburetors.

One of the. objects of this invention is to provide an improved.gasoline meteringsystemfor carburetor which is highly efficient inoperation andperformance.

Still, another object. ofthis invention is; to provide an improvedgasoline metering system for a vapor type carburetor which is responsiveto the high performance required of an internal combustion engine foruse in a motor vehicle.

Still another object of this invention is.to provide an improvedgasoline meteringsystem for applying fuel to the vaporization chamber ofa carburetor which is highly responsive to acceleration varying speeds,andvarying loadfactors involved with the motor vehicle to which thedevice is appliedi.

Still another object of'this invention is to provide. an improved fuelcontrol mechanism for a vaporization type carburetor. 7

Further features and advantages of this invention will appear from adetailed description of the drawings. in which:

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the circuit and essential apparatus for agasoline metering system for vaporization carburetor incorporating thefeatures of this invention.

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 22 of Fig. 1..

For illustrative purposes this invention. is shown applied to acarburetor having the base casting 10.having the usual flange surface 11which is mounted. in. the usual manner on the. intake manifold of theinternal combustion engine. In the casting there isformed theintakeopening 12' in which is located the butterfly valve 13 mounted onthe rock shaft 1'4having the operating lever 15 fixed thereto, whichlever in turn is con-,

nected to the usual foot. throttle of the vehicle.

On top. of. the casting 10. ismounted'the mixing chamber 16 having aninner. lining. 17 forming a venturi 18 communicating, with a dischargepassage bore 19. A

vaporized gasoline. discharge pipe 20 and a raw gasoline discharge pipe21 open. into the discharge bore 19 adjacent the venturi 18.

Fuel for operatingthecarburetor is derived. from the fuel tank 22 of thevehicle and is drawn through. the suction line 23 by the fuel. pump 2.4which discharges the fuel'. through. the. line; 25. to.adepulsingchamber 26 from which the fuel passes in. substantiallyuniform. flow throughfthe line/27' into a. thermostatically controlleddiverting valve 28.

Exhaust from the internal combustion engine is conductedthrough theexhaust pipe 29 in. the direction indicated by the arrow 30 so that thechamber 31 is heated to high temperature from the discharged burnt gasescoming'from' the internalcombustion engine. The diverting valve 28'has acontrol stem 32' which is actuatedby a suitable bi-metallicthermostat33. which is actuated by the temperature in thechamber 31'. asindicated. diagram- Patented June 28, 1955.

ice

matically by the line 34 so as to cause. the fuel to be discharged whenthe engine is cold through the line 35 tothe raw-gasolineinlet pipe 36having the discharge 21. As the engine warms up fuel is then divertedfrom the line 27 to the line 37 which is connected to the inlet port 38of the pre-heat chamber 39 of the control valve structure indicatedgenerally at 40.. The chamber. 39 has an outlet port 41 connected intothe metering rod chamber 42 in which is, containedthe movable meteringrod 43, the metering rod being. preferably supported on a diaphragm seal44 suitably supported in the housing 45 and theupper cover platemember46 of the control valve 40.

'Discharge from the metering rod chamber 42 passes out beyond the point47 of the metering rod 43 through the discharge opening 48 into thevaporization chamber. 49 comprising the member 50 located' in theexhaust chamber 31 surrounding the carburetor mixing chamber member 16so that the vaporization chamber 49 is responsive to the heat from theexhaust gases from the internal combustion engine to cause fuel emittingfrom the discharge opening 48 into the chamber 49 to. be changed from avapor or liquid to a gaseous condition so that it discharges out throughthe vaporized gasoline discharge pipe 20 when the butterfly valve 13 isopen during-the normal operation of the engine.

The exhaust gas heat from the chamber 31 proceeds outwardly-in thedirection indicated by the arrow 51 to enter the inlet pipe 52 of asuitable pre-heater unit 53land dischargesout through the pipe 54 to theusual muffler and exhaust line of the yehicle, the air pre-heater 53serving to heat the incoming air entering. the air cleaner 55' asindicated by the arrows 56, which pre-heated air in turn is connected tothe intake air port 57 in the directionindicated by the line 58 so thatwarm air is also applied to theventuristructure of the. carburetor atthe same time vaporized-gasoline enters through the vaporized gasolinedischarge pipe 20-0f the carburetor.

Excess fuel supplied'to the pre-heat chamber 39 of the control valve)passes out through the line 59 to a suitable pressure regulator valve 60having a discharge line 61 forreturning the fuel to the fuel tank 22; i

The metering rod 43 is regulated by the simultaneous application ofcontrol from the position of 'the foot..throttle and the intake manifoldvacuum pressure variations. The rock shaft 14 of the butterfly valve 13has a control arm 62 fixed'thereto to which is connected. a control rod63 on the end of which is rigidly fixed the wedge 64 having a slot 65through which projects the reduced end. Y portion 66 of the metering rod43. Thestraight or parto a disc 73 of a vacuum cylinder 74 which in turnis.

connected by a pipe 75 to the intake manifold of the motor vehicle. Asuitable compression spring 76 serves to normally pushthe rod 72 anddiaphragm 73 to the leftin Fig. 1 whenever vacuumin the pipe 75decreases.

A final positioning wedge 77 held in place by the washer 78 and nut 79on the metering. rod' 43 has an angularsurface 80 engaging the angularsurface 81' on thetop of thevacuum control wedge '71. l

Inthe operation of the device when the engine is cold and is-to bestarted, fuel is then transmitted-by the pump 24 through; the line 35,and preferably through a needle control valve 82 in the line 35 totheraw gasoline-inlet 21 toaffect theinitial starting of the engine. Assoonashot exhaust gases begin to enter at 30 the' divertervalvebi-metallic control 33 causes fuel from the line 27 to be thentransferred to the line 37 where it then begins to enter the meteringchamber 92 and thus into the vaporization chamber 49 where it is changedfrom a liquid into a gaseous condition or discharged through thevaporized gasoline discharge pipe 20 into the carburetor to maintain thenormal operation of the engine. It will be noted that a compressionspring 83 in the control valve 40 serves to normally urge the meteringpin toward a closed position. When stepping on the foot throttle of theengine, the control rod 63 pushes the wedge 65 to the right in thediagram, Fig. 1, to raise the metering rod 43 so as to allow more fuelto enter the vaporization chamber for acceleration and climbing hills orincrease in speed of the motor vehicle. Further, it will be noted thatwhen the throttle is opened causing a decrease in manifold vacuum thevacuum cylinder 74 likewise releases and allows the rod 42 under theinfluence of the compression spring 76 to move to the left to causestill further movement of the metering rod 43 to open position. Thus,there is provided a combined throttle position and vacuum control forthe entrance of fuel into the vaporization chamber so that the motorvehicle may be operated under any conditions of acceleration or climbingor coasting conditions with a high degree of efiiciency and smoothnessof operation of the engine. While the apparatus herein disclosed anddescribed constitutes a preferred form of the invention, it is also tobe understood that the apparatus is capable of mechanical alterationWithout departing from the spirit of the invention and that suchmechanical arrangement and commercial adaptation as fall within thescope of the appendent claims are intended to be included herein.

Having thus fully set forth and described this invention what is claimedand desired to be obtained by United States Letters Patent is: v

1. In a gasoline metering system for a carburetor having a butterflycontrol valve, a mixing chamber, a vaporization chamber connected tosaid mixing chamber, means for heating said vaporization chamber fromthe exhaust gas discharge from an internal combustion engine having saidcarburetor, a metering control valve connected into said vaporizationchamber, means interconnecting said vaporization chamber with saidmixing chamber, a raw gasoline inlet in said mixing chamber, a source offuel supply, a diverting valve connected to said fuel supply,thermostatic means controlled by the temperature of the exhaust gasessurrounding said vaporization chamber for transferring said source offuel supply from said raw gasoline inlet to said vaporization chamber.

2. In a gasoline metering system for a carburetor having a butterflycontrol valve, a mixing chamber, a vaporization chamber connected tosaid mixing chamber, means for heating said vaporization chamber fromthe exhaust gas discharge from an internal combustion engine having saidcarburetor, a metering control valve connected into said vaporizationchamber, means interconnecting said vaporization chamber with saidmixing chamber, a raw gasoline inlet in said mixing chamber, a source offuel supply, a diverting valve connected to said fuel supply,thermostatic means controlled by the temperature of said exhaust gasessurrounding said vaporization chamber for transferring said source offuel supply from said raw gasoline inlet to said vaporization chamber,and control means operated by the movement of said butterfly valve tocontrol the flow of fuel through said metering control valve.

3. In a gasoline metering system for a carburetor of a motor vehicleengine having a butterfly control valve, a mixing chamber, avaporization chamber connected to said mixing chamber, means for heatingsaid vaporization chamber from the exhaust gas discharge from aninternal combustion engine having said carburetor, a metering controlvalve connected into said vaporization chamber, means interconnectingsaid vaporization chamher with said mixing chamber, a raw gasoline inletin 4 said mixing chamber, a source of fuel supply, a diverting valveconnected to said fuel supply, thermostatic means controlled by thetemperature of said exhaust gases surrounding said vaporization chamberfor transferring said source of fuel supply from said raw gas inlet tosaid vaporization chamber, control means operated by the movement ofsaid butterfly valve to control the flow of fuel through said meteringcontrol valve, and vacuum controlmeans subject to variation of vacuumpressure in the intake manifold of said motor vehicle engine forcontrolling the metering-control valve.

4. In a gasoline metering system for a carburetor including, a butterflycontrol valve, a mixing chamber associated with said butterfly controlvalve, a vaporization chamber, a communicating passageway between saidchamber and said mixing chamber, a metering control valve connected tosaid vaporization chamber having, a metering rod, a discharge portassociated with said metering rod opening into said vaporizationchamber, means for normally urging said metering rod toward closedposition relative to said discharge port, means for adjusting saidmetering rod relative to said discharge port upon the movement of saidbutterfly valve, and further means responsive to manifold vacuumvariations of the intake manifold associated with said carburetor forvarying the position of said metering rod in said metering controlvalve. v

5. In a gasoline metering system for a carburetor having, a speedcontrol butterfly valve, a mixing chamber in said carburetor, avaporization chamber, means interconnecting said vaporization and mixingchambers, a metering control valve, a metering rod in said 'valve, adischarge opening between said metering control valve and saidvaporization chamber, a metering rod chamber surrounding said meteringrod connected to said discharge opening, a pre-heat chamber surroundingsaid metering rod chamber, a communicating port between said meteringrod chamber and said pre-heat chamber, and means for supplying fuel inliquid form to said pre-heat chamber.

6. In a gasoline metering system for a carburetor-having, a speedcontrol butterfly valve, a mixing chamber in 'said carburetor, avaporization chamber, means interconnecting said vaporization and mixingchambers, a metering control valve, a metering rod in said valve, adischarge port between said metering control valve and saidvaporizationchamber, a metering rod chamber surrounding said meteringrod connected to said discharge port, a pre-heat chamber surroundingsaid metering rod chamber, a communicating port between said meteringrod chamber and said pre-heat chamber, means for supply fuel in liquidform to said pre-heat chamber including a fuel pump, a fuel tankconnected to the suction of said pump, a dcpulsing chamber'connected tothe discharge from said pump and a diverting valve connected to thedischarge from said depulsing chamber, a fuel supply line from saiddiverting valve connected to a raw gasoline inlet in the mixing chamberof said carburetor, a second line communicating between said divertingvalve and said prcheat chamber, and thermostatic means responsive to theheat surrounding said vaporization chamber for operating said divertingvalve to apply fuel either to said raw gasoline inlet or said pro-heatchamber.

7. In a gasoline metering system for a carburetor having, a speedcontrol buttefly valve, a mixing chamber in said carburetor, avaporization chamber, means inter connecting said vaporization andmixing chambersfa metering control valve, a metering rod in said valve,a discharge opening between said metering control valve and saidvaporization chamber, a metering rod chamber surrounding said meteringrod connected .to said discharge opening, a pre-heat chamber surroundingsaid metering rod chamber, a communicating port between said meteringrod chamber and said pre-heat chamber, meansforsupplying fuel in liquidform to said pre-heat chamber including, a fuel pump, a fuel tankconnected to the suction side of said pump, a depulsing chamberconnected to the discharge from said pump and a diverting valveconnected to the discharge from said depulsing chamber, a fuel supplyline from said diverting valve connected to a raw gasoline inlet in themixing chamber of said carburetor, a second line communicating betweensaid diverting valve and said pre-heat chamber, thermostatic meansresponsive to the heat surrounding said vaporization chamber foroperating said diverting valve to apply fuel to either said raw gasolineinlet or said pre-heat chamber, means for applying exhaust gas heat tosaid vaporization chamber and to said thermostatically controlleddiverting valve.

8. In a gasoline metering system for a carburetor having, a speedcontrol butterfly valve, a mixing chamber in said carburetor, avaporization chamber, means interconnecting said vaporization and mixingchambers, a metering control valve, a metering rod in said valve, adischarge opening between said metering control valve and saidvaporization chamber, a metering rod chamber surrounding said meteringrod connected to said discharge opening, a pre'heat chamber surroundingsaid metering rod chamber, a communicating port between said meteringrod chamber and said pre-heat chamber, means for supplying fuel inliquid form to said pre-heat chamber including a fuel pump, a fuel tankconnected to the suction of said pump, a depulsing chamber connected tothe discharge from said pump and a diverting valve connected to thedischarge from said depulsing chamber, a fuel supply line from saiddiverting valve connected to a raw gasoline inlet in the mixing chamberof said carburetor, a second line communicating between said divertingvalve and said pre-heat chamber, thermostatic means responsive to theheat surrounding said vaporization chamber for operating said divertingvalve to apply fuel to either said raw gasoline inlet or said pre-heatchamber, means for applying exhaust gas heat to said vaporizationchamber and to said thermostatically controlled diverting valve, andmeans for conducting exhaust gas from said engine to an air inletpre-heater for said carburetor.

9. In a gasoline metering system for a motor vehicle carburetor having,a butterfly speed control valve, a mixing chamber, a vaporizationchamber, a passageway communicating between said vaporization chamberand said mixing chamber of said carburetor, an exhaust manifoldsurrounding said vaporization chamber to apply exhaust gas heat to saidvaporization chamber, a metering control valve including a body portionfor communication with said vaporization chamber having a pre-heatchamber, a metering rod chamber, a communicating passageway between saidpre-heat and metering rod chambers, a metering rod in said metering rodchamber, means for actuating said rod by the movement of said butterflyvalve and variations in vacuum pressure in the intake manifoldassociated with said carburetor, a source of fuel supply including afuel pump, a diverting valve thermally responsive to the temperature ofsaid exhaust gases applied to said vaporization chamber, a raw gasolineinlet connected to one discharge port from said diverting valve, and aline connected from the other discharge port of said diverting valveinto said pre-heat chamber of said metering control valve, and adischarge line from said pre-heat chamber connected through a pressurecontrol valve to a fluid reservoir for said carburetor system.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS

1. IN A GASOLINE METERING SYSTEM FOR A CARBURETOR HAVING A BUTTERFLYCONTROL VALVE, A MIXING CHAMBER, A VAPORIZATION CHAMBER CONNECTED TOSAID MIXING CHAMBER, MEANS FOR HEATING SAID VAPORIZATION CHAMBER FROMTHE EXHAUST GAS DISCHARGE FROM AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE HAVING SAIDCARBURETOR, A METERING CONTROL VALVE CONNECTED INTO SAID VAPORIZATIONCHAMBER, MEANS INTERCONNECTING SAID VAPORIZATION CHAMBER WITH SAIDMIXING CHAMBER, A RAW GASOLINE INLET IN SAID MIXING CHAMBER, A SOURCE OFFUEL SUPPLY, A DIVERTING VALVE CONNECTED TO SAID FUEL SUPPLY,THERMOSTATIC MEANS CONTROLLED BY THE TEMPERATURE OF THE EXHAUST GASESSURROUNDING SAID VAPORIZATION CHAMBER FOR TRANSFERRING SAID SOURCE OFFUEL SUPPLY FROM SAID RAW GASOLINE INLET TO SAID VAPORIZATION CHAMBER.